SJM150

Apple

Variety Description

Varieties used for comparison: 'Malling 26' and 'Malling 9'

Summary: 'SJM150' is an apple rootstock variety with wavy basal shoots while those of the reference varieties are straight. 'SJM150' has medium to strong pubescence on the upper half of the dormant one-year old shoots, whereas both 'Malling 26' and 'Malling 9' have very dense pubescence. 'SJM150' has a very high number of lenticels on the one-year old shoots, whereas 'Malling 9' has few to a medium number. The leaves of 'SJM150' have dense pubescence on the lower side, whereas 'Malling 9' has no pubescence. Self rooted trees of 'SJM150' produce very small fruit, compared to those of 'Malling 26' which are medium in size. 'SJM150' fruit are globose to flat globose in shape with no eye basin and yellow ground colour, whereas 'Malling 26' fruit are flat in shape, have a medium to deep eye basin and a green-yellow ground colour. There is a high to very high amount of reddish pink overcolour on fruit of 'SJM150', while 'Malling 26' has a very low amount of orange to pink overcolour.

Description:

TREE: very low suckering tendency, poor root anchorage, dwarfing

BASAL SHOOTS IN STOOL BED: intermediate vigour, few in number, wavy

ONE-YEAR OLD SHOOT: medium to strong pubescence on upper half, weak shine on bark, medium flexibility, very many large lenticels, reddish brown colour on sunny side
LATERAL BUD: medium to large size, pointed tip, adpressed to axis, medium sized bud support
GROWING TIP: white

SHOOT TIP LEAVES: concave to straight in cross section, very weak pubescence on upper side, green on lower side
LEAVES: dark green, no lobing, medium size, oriented outwards to downwards, acuminate to cuspidate apex, serrate margin, weak to medium glossiness, strong pubescence on lower side, weak anthocyanin on veins, no (or very weak) anthocyanin colouration on upper side
STIPULES: medium size

FLOWER BUD: bud greenish white at base (in full balloon stage) with patterns of light pink
FLOWERS: single, pedicel greenish white on one side with slight anthocyanin colouration on other side
PETALS: white, circular to oblong in shape, overlapping margins

FRUIT: very small, globose to flat globose shape, mainly symmetric in side view, very weak to weak ribbing, no crowning at distal end, eye is medium in size and closed, persistent calyx, medium length sepals, sepals overlapping at base, no eye basin
FRUIT STALK: thin, very long, stalk cavity narrow and shallow
FRUIT SURFACE: smooth, yellow ground colour, high to very high amount of reddish pink overcolour, overcolour is washed and solid, very low amount of russet around stalk cavity, lenticels slightly prominent and small near the eye medium size on the cheeks
FRUIT IN CROSS-SECTION: yellowish flesh, weak core line, closed locules

SEED: brown at maturity, globose conical shape

REACTION TO INSECTS: Resistant to woolly apple aphid (Eriosoma lanigerum Hausmann)
REACTION TO DISEASES: Resistant to scab (Venturia inaequalis (Cooke) Winter)

Origin & Breeding History: 'SJM150' originated from a cross between Malus baccata (L.) Borkh. variety 'Nertchinsk' and 'Malling 26', made in 1960 at Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Morden Manitoba. The selection was made in 1971at AAFC in St-Jean-sur-Richelieu, Quebec based on criteria including vigour, winter hardiness, disease resistance, dwarfing effect and the effect on the tree branch structure.

Tests & Trials: Tests and trials for 'SJM150' were conducted at the L'Acadie Research Sub Station of Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, St-Jean-sur-Richelieu, Quebec. The trial included 3 to 4 root stocks of each variety and 4 self rooted trees of each variety. The stoolbed was planted in 2003 and self rooted trees of the varieties were planted in an orchard in 1999 and allowed to develop into fruiting trees. Measurements and observations were recorded in 2005. Measured characteristics were based on 10 measurements.

Comparison tables for 'SJM150' with reference varieties 'Malling 26' and 'Malling 9'

Dormant one-year old shoots: thickness (mm)

Dormant one-year old shoot: length of internode (mm) (at middle third of shoots)

Flower: diameter (cm)

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Apple: 'SJM150'

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Apple: Reference variety 'Malling 9'

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Apple: Reference variety 'Malling 26'