PH435M

Corn

Variety Description

Variety used for comparison: 'PHEDR'

Summary: At completion of anthesis, the second lateral branch from the bottom of the tassel of 'PH435M' is straight while that of 'PHEDR' is slightly recurved. From the beginning of anthesis to just before milk development, the brace roots of 'PH435M' have a strong to very strong intensity of anthocyanin colouration while those of 'PHEDR' have a weak to medium intensity of anthocyanin colouration. Including the tassel, the plants of 'PH435M' are taller than the plants of 'PHEDR'. The leaf blade just above the upper ear of 'PH435M' is wider than that of 'PHEDR'. The ear of 'PH435M' is shorter, and including the kernels, has a larger diameter than the ear of 'PHEDR'. The primary ear of 'PH435M' is located higher on the stem than that of 'PHEDR'.

Description:

PLANT: inbred yellow variety, small to medium ratio for height of insertion of peduncle of upper ear to plant height, anthesis and silk emergence occur mid-season to late in the season
STEM: absent or very slight degree of zig-zag, strong to very strong intensity of anthocyanin colouration on brace roots

LEAF BLADE (JUST ABOVE UPPER EAR): strong degree of undulation of margin, small angle with stem, slightly recurved

TASSEL: medium number of primary lateral branches, medium density of spikelets on middle third of main branch, main axis above lowest lateral branch long, main axis above highest lateral branch very short to short
LATERAL BRANCHES (SECOND BRANCH FROM BOTTOM OF TASSEL): straight, small to medium angle with main axis, long
GLUME: absent or very weak intensity of anthocyanin colouration at base, strong intensity of anthocyanin colouration at middle and apex
ANTHER (ON MIDDLE THIRD OF MAIN BRANCH): absent or very weak intensity of anthocyanin colouration

EAR: medium to strong intensity of anthocyanin colouration of silks, medium to long husk (extends between one quarter to one third the length of the ear above tip), conico-cylindrical shape, many rows of grain, medium intensity of anthocyanin colouration on glumes of cob
EAR WINGS: present on a low to medium percentage of plants, short
KERNEL: dent type, yellow on top and dorsal side

TILLERING: absent

Origin & Breeding History: 'PH435M' was developed by Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc. using a double haploid plant breeding method. In 2009, the initial cross was conducted between proprietary inbred lines in Wilmar, Minnesota, USA and the F1 generation planted, self pollinated and harvested in bulk in Puerto Vallarta, Mexico. In 2010, the F2 generation underwent a haploidization process in Oahu, Hawaii, USA. The haploids were doubled and self pollinated with subsequent ear selection. In 2011, the D1 line was self pollinated and harvested in bulk in Eau Claire Wisconsin, USA. In 2013, the D2 and D3 lines were self pollinated with subsequent ear selection in Mankato, Minnesota, USA and Puerto Vallarta, respectively. In 2014, the D4 line was self pollinated and the D5 seed bulked as breeder seed in Arica, Chile. 'PH435M' was selected based on yield in hybrid combination, tassel size, pollen production, germination ability, stalk lodging resistance, late season plant health, grain quality, as well as disease and insect resistance.

Tests & Trials: The comparative trial for 'PH435M' was conducted in Coteau-du-lac, Quebec during the 2019 growing season. The trial was planted in a RCB Design with 3 replicates. Each replicate consisted of one row of approximately 20 plants, 3 metres in length with 76 cm between the rows. There was a total of 50 to 60 plants per variety. Measured characteristics were based on 30 measurements per variety. Mean differences were significant at the 5% probability level based on paired Student's T-tests. Results were supported by the official technical examination report 201900166, purchased from the Plant Variety Protection Office in Washington, District of Columbia, USA.

Comparison tables for 'PH435M' with reference variety 'PHEDR'

Plant height (including tassel) (metres)

Leaf blade width (leaf just above upper ear) (cm)

Ear length (cm)

Ear diameter (in middle including kernels) (cm)

Primary ear, height from ground (metres)

Click on image for larger view

Corn: 'PH435M' (top) with reference variety 'PHEDR' (bottom)